Heads of Medicines Agencies Meet in Budapest

The 118th meeting of the Heads of Medicines Agencies (HMA) was hosted in Budapest, Hungary last week, as part of the Hungarian Presidency of the Council of the EU. The leaders of the pharmaceutical industry discussed pressing issues such as regulation, international cooperation, and shortages of medicines at the event.

The Immaculate Conception by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (detail, 1767–1769)

The Celebration of the Immaculate Conception

‘The teaching that Mary, the Mother of Christ, was from the very moment of her conception preserved from original sin, was first explained by the Scottish Franciscan friar Duns Scotus (1266-1308). He explained that with Mary conception and redemption were simultaneous, producing a two-fold status at the first moment of her existence.’

Pope Sylvester II and the Devil in an illustration of c. 1460

Pope Sylvester II, Victim of an 11th Century Character Assassination

One of the most brilliant personalities of the 10–11th centuries fell victim to politics, only to discredit Gregory VII and the church reform. To do this, the lifework of Gerbert/Sylvester had to be ignored, and his unparalleled scientific achievements mocked and even made to look like the work of the devil.